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Federico convinces his father to allow him to move to Madrid, where he arrives in spring with letters of presentation for Alberto Jiménez Fraud, the director of the Residencia de Estudiantes, and for Juan Ramón Jiménez, among others. He is reunited with his friends from Granada José Mora Guarnido and Ángel Barrios, who had established residence in Madrid before him and introduce FGL to the literary circles there. He often goes to the Café Gijón, to join the company of Ángel del Río, Guillermo de Torre, Adolfo Salazar, Gerardo Diego, Pedro Salinas, José de Ciria y Escalante… First he lives in a boarding house on San Marcos street, and then on Espejo street, and in October he is able to move into the Residencia de Estudiantes, which is located at number 21 calle Pinar, in the hills by the Racetrack. It is there where he makes friends with Luis Buñuel, José Bello and José Moreno Villa, among others, and comes back into contact with Emilio Prados. In JUNE he returns to Granada, and gives a poetry reading in the Centro Artístico as part of a homage to Fernando de los Ríos. He meets playwright and stage manager Gregorio Martínez Sierra and actress Catalina Bárcena, who agree to stage one of his plays. In SEPTEMBER he meets Manuel de Falla on a visit to Granada. In NOVEMBER, FGL returns to Madrid and the Residencia de Estudiantes, which would become his regular place of residence for the coming years. The Christmas holidays are spent in Granada.
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MARCH the opening of El maleficio de la mariposa in the Eslava Theater of Madrid proves to be a huge flop. Heading the cast were Catalina Bárcena and Encarnación López (La Argentinita), with sets by Mignoni, music by Grieg, and costumes by Barradas. FGL spends some time in Granada. His former professor Martín Domínguez Berrueta dies. Obligated by his father, Federico resumes his studies in Madrid, in the Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Once again at the Residencia, on the 1st of NOVEMBER he takes part in a parody of Don Juan Tenorio, with Luis Buñuel. The magazine España, directed by José Ortega y Gasset, includes some of his poems. He begins to write the Suites, not published during his lifetime.
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The magazine La Pluma, directed by Manuel Azaña, features some poems of his. FEBRUARY Manuel de Falla moves to Granada, which will be his city of residence until his exile in 1936. JUNE the printing press of Gabriel Maroto brings to light Federico´s Libro de poemas. Adolfo Salazar publishes a very favorable article about the poet in El Sol of Madrid. He begins corresponding with Melchor Fernández Almagro, and works on Tragicomedia de don Cristóbal y la señá Rosita. Juan Ramón Jiménez publishes fragments of the Suites in his magazine Índice. Through the initiative of Manuel de Falla, Miguel Cerón and García Lorca himself, arrangements are made for the Cante Jondo Competition. The first poems of Canciones date back to this period, though they were not published until 1927, and nearly all of the Poema del cante jondo went unedited until 1931.
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In FEBRUARY, Federico gives the conference “El cante jondo. Primitivo canto andaluz” in the Artistic and Literary Center of Granada, accompanied by the guitar of Manuel Jofré. APRIL he spends Easter Week with his brother Francisco and with Manuel de Falla in Seville, where he meets Cuban writer and diplomat José María Chacón y Calvo. In the month of JUNE he reads compositions from his Poema del cante jondo in the act of presentation of the Cante Jondo Competition, in the theater of the Hotel Alhambra Palace; the contest itself is celebrated on 13 and 14 June, in the Plaza de los Aljibes of the Alhambra, decorated by Ignacio Zuloaga. That summer, in the village of Asquerosa, he finishes the farcical puppet script Tragicomedia de don Cristóbal y la señá Rosita. Together with Falla and Adolfo Salazar, he plans to take the puppet show from village to village of the Alpujarras. SEPTEMBER he manages to pass several subjects in his Law studies.
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A puppet show in the García Lorca house on Acera del Casino street to celebrate the Feast of the Epiphany. The program includes the anonymous Medieval work Misterio de los Reyes Magos, the Cervantes-style entremés Los dos habladores, and a traditional tale, La niña que riega la albahaca, then recovered by García Lorca only to disappear again years later; with music by Falla, puppets by Hermenegildo Lanz and stage decoration and production by Lanz and García Lorca. He begins work on Lola la comedianta, a comedy with music by Falla. With the help of his brother Francisco and his professors, he finishes his Law studies (though he never completes his studies in Humanities). In FEBRUARY, after an absence of a year and a half, he returns to the Residencia de Estudiantes, accompanied by Francisco, and establishes his friendship with Salvador Dalí. He visits Toledo with friends, including Dalí and Buñuel, who has just founded “the Noble Order of Toledo”. In MARCH he attends a banquet in honor of Ramón Gómez de la Serna in the restaurant Lhardy and, in April and likewise in Lardhy, attends the meal of the Spanish Pen Club. A brief stay in San Sebastián. Summertime in Málaga, as in the past, with his family. He works on Mariana Pineda and what is to become Romancero gitano. SEPTEMBER brings the beginning of the dictatorship of General Miguel Primo de Rivera, which would last until 1930. OCTOBER Fernández Almagro sings praise of Lorca´s poetry in the magazine España. In NOVEMBER he returns to the Residencia de Estudiantes, and makes friends with Rafael Martínez Nadal. Christmas takes FGL back to Granada.
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In JANUARY he returns to Madrid, where in APRIL, he meets painter Gregorio Prieto. He completes Canciones. JUNE the death of José de Ciria y Escalante. Federico reads his Tragicomedia de don Cristóbal y la señá Rosita to Jorge Guillén. Back in Granada, he receives a visit from Juan Ramón Jiménez and his wife, Zenobia Camprubí. He continues to work on the Romancero gitano and writes the first act of La zapatera prodigiosa. In autumn, again at the Residencia, he meets Rafael Alberti. Salvador Dalí plans the “Libro de los putrefactos”, which is to be prologued by García Lorca, yet the book never took shape.
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Federico García Lorca. Granada, 1919.
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Federico García Lorca. Granada, 1919.
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Federico García Lorca. Granada, 1919.
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Federico García Lorca. Residencia de Estudiantes. Madrid, 1919.
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Federico García Lorca y Santiago Ontañón en una verbena popular, 1921.
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Wanda Landowska visita a Manuel de Falla en Granada, 1922. De izqda. a drcha.: Francisco García Lorca, Antonio Luna, Carmen de Falla, Federico García Lorca, Wanda Landowska, Manuel de Falla y José Segura.
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Federico García Lorca y Luis Buñuel en las fiestas de San Antonio de la Florida. Madrid, 1923.
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De izqda. a drcha.: Federico García Lorca, Zenobia Camprubí, Isabel García Lorca, Emilia Llanos, Juan Ramón Jiménez y Concha García Lorca, en una visita a los jardines del Generalife. Granada, 1924.
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De izqda. a drcha.: Luis Eaton, Juan Centeno, Federico García Lorca, Emilio Prados y Juan Vicens. Residencia de Estudiantes, Madrid, 1924.
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Federico García Lorca en el río Genil. Granada, 29 de septiembre de 1924.
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